Luke Sanford received his PhD in Political Science and International Affairs in 2021 from the University of California San Diego. His research focuses on environmental policymaking–especially how political institutions mediate the relationship between the environmental preferences of constituents and the incentives and actions of policymakers. In his work, Sanford develops methods for using new sources of digital data, including text and satellite images, to measure individual and group preferences, and to observe outcomes on the ground. These tools enable him to understand preferences for different policies, and evaluate the effects of those policies.